Which teacher practice reflects a principle of universal design for learning (UDL)?

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is an educational framework that aims to optimize teaching and learning for all individuals by providing multiple means of engagement, representation, and action and expression. One of the core principles of UDL is to offer various cognitive supports that help all learners access the curriculum effectively.

Providing cognitive supports involves strategies that help students process information in ways that align with their individual strengths and needs. This can include scaffolding techniques, graphic organizers, or tools that aid comprehension and learning retention. Such supports are crucial in a UDL framework because they ensure that all students have access to the material and can participate meaningfully in the learning process.

While the other options, such as using cooperative activities, adjusting expectations, and using various question formats, can be beneficial in certain contexts, they do not directly reflect the comprehensive principle of providing cognitive supports. UDL emphasizes the importance of accommodating diverse learning needs through targeted cognitive strategies, making the provision of cognitive supports the most representative choice for UDL principles.